Code translator



. 6, 1938. M. L. HASELTON CODE TRANSLATOR Original Filed June 7, 1928 9Sheets Sheet 1 INVENTOR. 41 622 00 L/Yaselfum W V an)? ATTOR EYS.

Dec. 6, 1938.

Original Filed June 7, 1928 M. L. HASELTON 2,139,079

CODE TRANSLATOR 9 Sheets-Sheet 2 I INVENTOR.

J! 6/1912 Z. fi aseZfa/z WM/ w 4 ATTO NEYS.

Dec. M. L. HASELTON v, 2,139,679.

I CODE TRANSLATOR Original Filed June 7, 1928 9 Sheets-Sheet 3 QOOOOO@OGOOOO @0060 INVENTOR ATTORN EYS 6, 1938. M. HASELTON CODE TRANSLATORori inal Filed June 7. 1928 9 Sheets-Sheet 5 v INVENTOR Merton LIIMelton WY E N R W T A w B Dec. 6, 1938. M. HASELTON 2,139,079

CODE TRANSLATOR Original Filed June 7. 1928 9 Sheets-Sheet 6 1938. M. L.HASELTON 2,139,079

' coma TRANSLATOR Original Filed Jung 7, 1928 9 Sheets-Sheet '7 6, 1938.M. HASELTON CODE TRANSLATOR Original Filed June 7. 1928 9 Sheets-Shae; 8

0 w mm mm w M B ra ATTOZNEY Dec. 6, 1938. M. HASELTON CQDE TRANSLATOROriginal Filed June 7, 1928 9 Sheets-Sheet 9 INVENTOR Merfon Z.flkselfon ray/-75 24 40/16 21 IATTO NEY Patented Dec. 6, 1938 PATENTOFFICE 2,139,079 com: rnANsLA'ron Merton L. Haselton, Bye, N. Y.,assignor, by meme assignments, to The Teleregister Corporation, NewYork, N.,Y., a corporation of Delaware Application June 7, 1928, SerialNo. 288,477 Renewed January 29, 1931 12 Claims. (01. m-ssa) Thisinvention relates to code translating apparatus and electrical circuits,such for example as may be used with code transmitting apparatus iortelegraphic or other signalling purposes. I This invention isparticularly adaptable for use in connection with signal transmittingmeans, such as disclosed in my copending application Ser. No. 248,069,filed January 20, 1928, now U. 8. Patents Nos. 1,890,876, 1,890,877 and1,946,531, or in the Swiss Patent No. 126,691, dated July 2, 1928, butit will be appreciated that the invention is adaptable for use in manyother connections. The objects of this invention include the provisionof apparatus and arrangements of the above indicated class, which willbe accurate and dependable, as well as very rapid in operation.

Further and more specific objects, features and advantages will moreclearly appear from the detailed description given below taken inconnection with the accompanying drawings which form a part of thisspecification.

The invention consists in the novel arrangements, combinations of partsand electrical connections as hereinafter described, but by way oiexample only, as being illustrative of a preferred embodiment of theinvention.

In the drawings, Fig. 1 which extends over two sheets (Fig. 1a. and Fig.112) comprises a schematic diagram of the circuit arrangements of oneform of the invention.

Fig. 2 is an enlarged view of a portion of the terminal board forming apart of Fig. 1;

, Fig. 3 is a detailed sectional view taken on 311 line 8-3 of Fig. 2;

Fig. 4 illustrates additional circuit arrangements which may beincorporated with the circuits 01 Fig. 1;

Figs. 5, 6, '7 and 8 comprise a schematic dia gram of the circuitarrangements of one form of transmitter which may be employed with thecode translator of Figs. 1 to 4;

Fig. 9 is a diagrammatic view of the various keys employed with thecircuits disclosed;

Fig. 10 is a sectional view illustrating typical selector or actuationkeys which may be employed with the transmitter and codev translator;

Fig. 11 is a sectional view showing the construction of typical stockrange keys employed with the transmitter of ,Figs. to 8; i

Fig. 12 shows one form of impulse counting device which may be used inconnection with the circuits of Figs. 5 to 8';

Fig. 13 is a sectional view taken substantially 55 along the line i2l201 Fig. 11;

the

Figs. 14 and 15 illustrate uniform of receiver which may be employedwith the transmitter and code translator herein disclosed; and

Fig. 16 shows certain details of the contact mechanism referred to inFig. 14.

The arrangement here shown is designed to transpose predeterminedarbitrary abbreviations comprising a plurality of letters into apredetermined numerical abbreviation or code system involving the use ora plurality oi digits. With 10 the particular apparatus shown in thedrawings, for example, abbreviations such as used to designate stocks orcommodities, or other items, and comprising one, two or three letters,may be translated into a numerical abbreviation or code 15 systemembodying a plurality of digits. An arrangement of this class isdesirable for use in connection with transmitting apparatus forcontrolling automatic brokers boards and the like, such as referred toin my copending appli- 20 cation above mentioned, for the reason thatthe public and employees of the stock exchanges and financial houseshave become accustomed to designating the various listed stocks and commodities by groups of abbreviations. or letters of 25- the alphabet,while on the other hand, automatic transmitting apparatus, generallyspeaking, may be more readily controlled it a numerical and decimal codeis used.

However, in the control of automatic brokers 30 boards and othersignalling equipment, it is gen- "erally highly important to transmitthe information or signals not only with a high degree of accuracy andspeed, but also immediately after the occurrence of the events. With thepresent invention the transmitter or control keyboard may be arrangedwith the keys designated by letters of the alphabet so that theoperators need not take the time necessary, nor otherwise concernthemselves with the translation of codes; yet the actual codetransmitted over the line wires may be numerical. 4

In the drawings three groups of operating keys as at iii, H and ii areprovided. These keys of course may be suitably grouped together to forma keyboard, as for example according to the general constructiondisclosed in my copending application above referred to, except that thekeys will be designated by letters instead of by numerals. It will beobserved that each of the three groups of keys includes one key for eachof the twenty-six letters of the alphabet and one key designated Threegroups of operating busses are indicated at i3, ll and ii respectively,each group comprising ten wires.

one wire being thus provided for each possible number for each decimalor digit character. It will be understood that these operating bussesmay be connected to control any desired indicating or transmittingapparatus, a multitude of different control operations or indicationsbeing made available merely by applying ground connections to diiferentcombinations or groups of busses, such combinations of groundconnections being applied by the operation of the relay circuitshereinafter described. For example, the wires I3, I4 and I5 may beconnected to operate digit storing relays such as now utilized in thetransmitting devices of automatic brokers board systems and as disclosedin my said copending application, that is, whenever a ground connectionis applied to one of these wires, a digit storing relay may be operatedin the same manner that the digit storing relays are operated by theunits, tens and hundreds selector keys in saidcopending application.

It will be understood however that the use of the code translatorcomprising this invention is not restricted to uses with any particularform of transmitting or indicating means.

It will be understood that wires I3, I4 and I! might also be connectedto control other forms of transmiting apparatus well understood from theprior art. Assuming that a stock designated by the abbreviation TAV isto be selected, the operator presses the key T of the group II), the keyA of the group I 2, and the key V of the group II successively, and theapparatus about to be described functions to translate this abbreviationinto a desired predetermined numerical abbreviation such as 822, andaccordingly a ground connection is applied momentariy to the eighth wireof the group I3, and also to the second wire of the group I4 and thesecond wire of the group I5. Thus, in effect, although alphabetical keyshave been pressed, the result is equivalent to what might be obtained ifan operator mentally translated the abbreviation TAV into theabbreviation 822 and then pressed numerically designated keys, as of mycopending application. Similarly, if a stock designated by the letter Ais to be selected, then the operator presses the key of group iii, thekey of group I2 and the A key of group II, with the result that theabbrevlation A is translated into a predetermined numericalabbreviation, for example, 140, and the ground connection is applied tothe first, fourth and tenth wires respectively of the groups I3, I4 andI5.

In brief, the apparatus comprises groups of holding relays as at I6 andI1, one of such relays being provided for each of the keys of the groupsI0 and I I, these holding relays being all arranged to be released uponthe operation of a release relay I8. Each of the keys of the group I2 isarranged to control a corresponding twenty-eight contact relay as at I9.A grid terminal board is provided at 20 having a number of horizontalbusses as at 2i corresponding to the number of keys in the group ID,that is, in this instance twenty-seven, and having twenty-seven verticalbusses for each one of the relays I9. These busses are all insulated inrespect to each other and are arranged to receive interchangeablereadily detachable connections as at 23, each such connection providingfor contact with one vertical bus and one horizontal bus at the pointwhere such busses cross. Fig. 2 is an enlarged view of a portion of oneof the terminal boards as indicated at 20 in Fig. 1, typical horizontaland vertical busses being indicated at II and 4| respectively, thebusses being insulated from each other by reason of their spaced apartarrangement. Fig. 3 is an enlarged view of a typical one of theinterchangeable readily detachable terminal connections 23 for applyinglead wires respectively to the horizontal and vertical busses at thepoints where the same cross each other. The two lead wires as at 24 and25 from each detachable connection 23 may run respectively to relays asat 26 and 21. It will be observed that a pair of relays as at 28 and 31is provided for each stock or other item to be chosen and such relaysmay be readily interchanged from time to time in respect to variousletter abbreviation combinations, and also in respect to the variousnumerical combinations. That is, to interchange one of the relays inrespect to the letter abbreviations, it is merely necessary to removethe corresponding detachable terminal member 33 from one of the busintersections on the grid 20 and replace the terminal at anotherintersection corresponding to the new letterabbreviation which is to berepresented by the relay. On the other hand, if it is desired tointerchange one of the relays. in respect to the numericalabbreviations, the connections to relay contacts as at 4|, 46 and 41 maybe removed from the particular busses I 3, I4 and ii to which the sameare connected, and reconnected to the desired new combination comprisingone each of the busses I3, I4 and II. For example, if it is desired tohave relay 51 represent the numeral abbreviation 2-4-0, the lead wireswhich are shown as running to the 5th, 9th and 6th busses respectively,are removed from these busses and applied respectively to the second busof group I3, the fourth bus of group I4 and the lowermost bus of groupI5. These relays, when actuated, function to momentarily ground certainof the wires I3, I4 and I5, representing the desired numbers, as will behereinafter further explained.

The operating circuits will now be traced and described in greaterdetail. Assuming the key of group III designated as Z is operated, thefirst relay I6 will pick up through a circuit from ground 28, key switch29, connection wire III, coil of relay I6, to battery and ground at 3|.This relay will thereupon close a holding circuit for itself, runningfrom the battery and ground 3I, through holding contacts 32 and acircuit connection 33 running to a switch 34 at the release relay I8,and thence to ground 35. Therefore the relay I5 when thus energized,remains energized until release relay ll opens its holding circuit byreason of the opening of the switch 34. Yet as will be hereinafterexplained, the release relay I3 does not operate until the desiredconnections have been applied to the bus wires I3, I4 and IS. Theholding relay I8 when energized also closes a circuit from the batteryand ground 3|, through a switch 36, to a circuit connection 31 runningto the Z horizontal bus of the grid terminal board 20.

Accordingly, current is applied to this bus and to all theinterchangeable connection wires (such as at 24) which may be connectedthereto. While such wires remain energized, the operator presses one ofthe keys of the group I3. If the A key is thus pressed, the relay I9 (A)will be energized and its holding circuit will be established throughcircuit connection 33 under control of relay I8 in the same manner aswith the circuit connections above described. Also, this relay II servesto connect the group of wires 33 to the 75 selected group A of verticalbusses, Fig. 1b. The contacts of the relay It (A) are normally in opencircuit condition, but when closed by the energization of the relay thecontacts connect the twenty-seven vertical busses of the group A to thegroup of relays i1, Fig. is. If the A key of the group of keys Ii ispressed, the relay l'l connected thereto will be energized and locked upover its holding circuit, with the result that the vertical bus shown at40, Fig. 117, will be energizedand the relay 21, corresponding to thestock ZAA will be operated, thus operating the associated relay 28 andcausing ground to be applied to conductors 5-10 of the busses i3, i4 andII.

The numerous relays l6, l1 and It in each case operate in the samemanner as above described.

The twenty-eighth or last contact as at i9 on 'each of the'relays i9,provides for the establishment ofa holding circuit for the correspondingrelay, such circuits running from the relay contacts I! to theconnections 83,,whereby the release relay i8 controls'the release of therelays I! as well as the holding relays it and il.

It will be understood that although connections are shown for but threeof the relays i9, namely those designated A and B, the connections maybe extended in the manner indicated on the drawings to provide for theentire group of keys i2. Also it will be understood that the keys ill,ii and i2 might be designated by character systems other thanalphabetical systems. For example, one arbitrary numerical ab-,,'

breviation or code system might be translated by the apparatus intoanother arbitrary or systematic numerical code system, and in that eventthe groups of keys I0, ii and i2 might each include ten or more keyswith a corresponding number or associated relays. It will -be furtherunderstood that if desired, the necessary keys on the keyboard might bepressed simultaneously, thus avoiding the necessity of holding relays.

In the particular example of operation above described, if there is adetachable plug connection applied on the grid terminal board at theintersection of the lower horizontal bus with the vertical bus 40, theconnection wires 24 and 25 will be both energized, but this will be theonly intersection on the terminal board where both busses will thusbecome jointly energized, and accordingly the relays 28 and 21associated with the particular chosen intersection will be operable tothe exclusion of the corresponding relays for all other stocks or items.The circuit from the vertical bus 40 may therefore continue throughconnection wire 25, through the coil of the chosen relay 21, thence toground return as at Al. The relay 2'! thereupon picks up and closes aswitch 42, which completes the circuit from the horizontal bus throughthe connection wire 24, switch 42, relay 28, to a ground return at 43.At this moment, relay 26 "picks up and. acts to momentarily close fourcontacts as at 44, 45, 46 and 41. The contacts 45, 46 and 41respectively serve to connect the ground 43 to the desired wires i3, i4and i5 representative of predetermined digits suchas Sill, correspondingto the arbitrary abbreviation ZAA. At the same time, the closing of theswitch 44 applies the ground 43 to a connection wire 48 running to therelease relay [8, and thence to battery and ground as at 49. The releaserelay i8 thereupon "picks up", opening its switch 34 and releasing theholding relays I, i1 and it as above stated,

with a consequent deenergization of the chosen terminal board busses andrelays 20 and 21. But meanwhile, the desired wires of the groups it, itand II will have been momentarily grounded, thus" permitting the storingof the desired nu-' merical abbreviation in the storage relays or othertransmitting apparatus as above referred to.

With this apparatus it will be observed that any letter abbreviationhaving one. two or three letters may be translated into anypredetermined desired numerical abbreviation from zero to 999, and theparticular number abbreviation into which the letter abbreviation istranslated may be chosen or changed at will merely by changing the pointat which the relays as at 2C and 21 are connected to the interchangeableterminal board. Furthermore, although a total of 27 x 27 x 27 letterabbreviations may be readily provided for on the keyboard, it isnecessary to provide pairs of relays as at 20 and 21 only for suchstocks or other items as are actually to be selected, and the number ofthese relays may be readily increased from time to time as the number ofitems or other signals to be quoted increases with the extension ofbusiness. Also, in certain signalling systems, it will be appreciatedthat athree letter abbreviation will be unnecessary. In that event, oneof the groups of key switches might of course be eliminated. In othercases it may be found unnecessary to ever use certain letters of, say,the group of key switches l2, and in that event such keys need not beaccompanied by one of the relays as at it and associated connections,and the corresponding terminal board section i may also then beeliminated. To this end the terminal board may be made in detachablesections, each section being detachably connected to adjacent sectionsas indicated at 50. The constructional details of the grid terminalboard may of course vary within wide limits, depending uponmanufacturing considerations, but the details of one simple form ofconstruction are indicated in Figs. 2 and 3.

Circuits will now be described adapting this apparatusto the translationof codes for special items, such as preferred stocks. A specialpreferred stock key is provided at 5! and operates in conjunction with aholding relay 52 having a holding circuit contact 53 and a. workingcontact 54 for applying a ground and battery as at 55 to a preferredstock but 56. For each item for which two or more types of securities,for example, are to be quoted, a corresponding number of relays may beprovided as at 51 and 58. The relay 58 may correspond in function to therelays 26 above described and the relay 58 is provided to shift a groundconnection 60 out of circuit with the relay 58 and into'association withthe relay 51 corresponding to the preferred quotation or the like. Thatis, the circuit through the relay 58 normally runs through contact M ofrelay 59 and thence to ground 60 when the preferred key has not beenactuated. .However, when the preferred key is actuated preliminary tothe normal operation of the keyboard, the relays which are provided forall preferred stocks or special issues, etc., are all energized with theresult that for the particular chosen item the relay I1 is energized ina manner similar to the action of relays 20, the circuit passing throughthe makef; contact of relay 59 and thence to ground 60. Hence, when the"preferred" key has been pressed, only the preferred issue of aparticularselecteditemisquoted. Assoonasgs either of the relays 51 or 58is energized, the release relay l8 operates in the manner abovedescribed to restore the entire apparatus to normal including thepreferred stock holding relay 52. With this arrangement it will beobserved that the preferred key may be pressed at any time prior to thepressing of the final alphabetical key H and when the key II is finallypressed, the circuits will immediately complete the desired operationsand actuate the release relay I8. With the preferred key thus arrangedto be actuated prior to the actuation of the keys II, it becomesunnecessary to utilize holding relays in conjunction with the keys II.

It may be noted that where relays as at 21 for a large number of itemsare to be all operated from a single one of the terminal board busses22, it may be desirable to divide such relay load into a number ofbranches. That is, it will be understood that when due to the operationof keys ii and I2, one of the vertical busses 40 on the grid terminalboard is selected, all of the relays such as at 21 which happen to beconnected to such bus will be energized. If, as will occur in someinstances, a plurality of relays such as at 21 are all connected to oneof these vertical busses, the selection of this bus will result in thesimultaneous energization of all'of these relays, thus establishing aconsiderable load carried by the corresponding relay contact 39. Forexample, one of the relays 21 might be utilized to actuatesimultaneously several groups of the other corresponding relaysassociated with the same vertical bus. With the load thus divided intogroups, the current to be broken by the contacts 39 may be substantiallyminimized so as to prevent arcing.

. Fig. 4 illustrates one manner in which this load may be dividedbetween a number of contacts. In this figure the relays correspondingdirectly to those indicated in Fig. 1 are designated by the samereference characters. It will be noted that relay 21' is connected to beoperated through a lead wire as at 25 directly from the correspondingvertical bus, relay 2'! having a plurality of contacts 21" equal to thenumber of groups of relays 21 which are to be controlled thereby. Itwill be apparent that with this arrangement that the current load whichwould otherwise be carried by the corresponding contact 39, will bedivided between the several contacts 21".

The apparatus is therefore adapted with a wide degree of flexibility tovarious operating conditions, and the number of parts may be readilyenlarged upon or reduced from time to time to accommodate changedconditions, with the result that space and maintenance need only beprovided for such apparatus and parts as are actu ally necessary atvarious times.

Referring to Figs. 5 to 13, the transmitter arrangement shown performsthe function of transmitting a group of distinctive current variationsover the line wires Ll to L4, Fig. 6, under control of the translator ofFigs. 1 to 4, which operate to control the identifying or selectivemeans at the various receiving .stations. The transmitter then functionsto transmit a group of current variations for actuating the particularindicators chosen by the selector means. Also, the transmitter providesmeans for rendering such actuating current variations effective tooperate with the open", high", low" or last quotation indicators, or, ifdesired, either the high and last" or the low and last" together.

The keys I 0, l2 and I I of the translator, Figs. 1a, lb and 9, whicheffect the stock selection cause ground potential to be selectivelyapplied to one of the wires in each of the groups l3, l4 and I5, ashereinbefore set forth, and these groups respectively control thehundreds, tens and units storage relay selectors of the transmittercircuit, the units selector being shown in the upper portion of Fig. 5.As will be noted from Fig. 6 the transmitter is capable of transmittingfour digit stock selecting numbers, and since the illustrativeembodiment of the translator disclosed employs only three digit stockselecting numbers, the thousands selector impulse counter in Fig. 8 isnot connected to a group of thousands storage relay selectors butautomatically sends zero for the thousands digit by reason of the factthat the zero contact of the impulse counter is permanently grounded.The zero contacts of the hundreds, tens and units selector impulsecounters of Fig. 6 could likewise be permanently grounded, but this isunnecessary because of the fact that the translator causes groundpotential to be applied to these contacts whenever zero appears in thestock selecting numbers.

As shown in Fig. 9, four groups of actuating keys, arranged in fourtiers, e, j, g, and h, corresponding respectively to the four digits ofeach quotation, and also corresponding respectively to the same fourline wires above referred to, are provided for causing ground potentialto be selectively applied to one of the contacts of the hundreds, tens,units and fractions actuation impulse counters shown in Fig. '7. Thewiring diagram of the hundreds group of actuation keys is shown in thelower portion of Fig. 5. It will be noted that in each of these tiersten keys are provided and numbered respectively from 1 to 9, the th keybearing the indicia zero. These keys provide respectively for sendingover the several line wires groups of actuating impulses varying innumber from 1 to 10 depending upon which of the keys has been pressed.In the actuation key group it is desirable to provide for the setting ofthe quotation indicators either at blank or at "zero. With the keysarranged as shown in Fig. 9, the pressing of the zero actuation keysfunctions to transmit groups of ten current variations for setting thecorresponding chosen quotation digit indicators at zero, whereas if keysare not pressed r in the actuation key groups, the digit indicators willremain at positions exhibiting blanks, the indicators after beingselected having been automatically restored to blank positions, by meanshereinafter described.

It will be obvious that actuation key tiers e, j and g, bear indiciawhich may be used respectively to correspond to the hundreds, tens andunits of the quotation transmitted, while the tier It bears indiciacorresponding to various fraction values, either decimal or common,depending upon which characters are used on the corresponding quotationdigit indicators which are selected at the receiving stations. Forexample, the ten keys of this tier may be labeled with the characters .1to .9 and 0 and keys from .1 to .7 may be also labeled with commonfraction characters from to V, respectively.

On the group of keys shown in Fig. 9 an additional key 2', similar inconstruction to the keys above described. but bearing the indicia error"may be used to operate circuit arrangements for releasing theconnections established by reason of the previous pressing of any of theselector or actuation keys. Another group of selector keys be by the useof two or more keyboards, but acmay also be provided as indicated at k,which are utilized to determine whether the actuation impulses shallfunction to operate the "open", "high", "low", "last", "high and last"or "low and last" quotation indicators.

The keys may be operated as follows: For example, if the operator wishesto transmit for a three letter stock or other item a quotationcomprising 106%, he may press the three corresponding letter selectorkeys of the three selector tiers, andalso press the actuation keys 1-0-8% respectively of the four actuation tiers. After all of these keyshave been pressed, if it should be discovered that one or more of thekeys have been pressed by mistake, the operator would before a previouspressing of one of the keys It will continue to be engaged intransmission'of signals and will be unaffected by the "error key.

The operator will next press the desired seven, .keys or a lessernumber. Then if none of the keys I: are in depressed condition. one ofthe same may be now pressed by the operator, which will start thesending of distinctive groups of impulses over the line wirescorresponding to the particular seven selector and actuation keys whichhave been pressed. Immediately upon pressing one of the keys of thegroup is, such key as pressed will be locked down and the other keys ofthis group will be locked up, such locking continuing until thetransmission of the distinctive groups of current variations isautomatically completed.

Meanwhile, however, during the automatic transmission of these groups ofimpulses, the operator may reset the selector and actuation keys tocorrespond to any desired new quotation which is to be next transmitted.Then as soon as the locking of the keys of the group R: is released,

- another key of such group may be pressed for starting the transmissionof the second quotation.

It is therefore unnecessary for the operator to await the actualtransmission of a quotation over the line wires before setting theselecting and actuating keys for the next quotation. and accordinglysubstantially the maximum possible speed of operation of the keyboard isobtainable. That is, the speed of operation of the keyboard may belimited only by. human skill in operating the same. Yet the locking ofthe keys of the group It automatically prevents confusion of the digitsof one quotation with those of the succeeding, and since the selectorand actuation keys may be pressed in any desired sequence orconcurrently at the operator's convenience, in any event thereis nopossibility of confusion of the selector impulses with the actuationimpulses by reason of false settings.

Inasmuch as provision is made to actuate the keyboard for selecting andsending a new quotation before the previous quotation is completelytransmitted, it is apparent that storage means is necessary for storingthe information of each setting, at least for a limited time. In myaforesaid patents provision for such storage is made in the form of aperforated tape, the perforations being made prior to actual use of thetape and being-distinctively arranged to indicate the quotations ofdesired stocks. Another manner in which such storage could beaccomplished would other group.

cording to the particular embodiment of my invention here disclosed, Ihave obviated the necessity for a plurality of keyboards, and insteadhave provided two sets of relays operated upon alternately by a singlekeyboard. Typical groups of relays for this purpose are designated onFig. 5, as Groups I and II, the operation of which will be hereinafterdescribed in detail.

In the system described in my aforesaid pat"- ents, the choice asbetween open, high". "low" and "last", "high and last or "low and lastis accomplished by establishing various combinations of polarities onthe four line wires. That is, when the transmission of signals isinitiated, a sustained potential on each line wire of a predeterminedpolarity is set up, then the subsequent selecting and actuating currentvariationstake the form of potential interruptions or drops on the linewires. With the keyboard and circuit arrangements of this invention,such sustained potentials are established by the pressing of the keys k,which at the same time initiate the transmission of current variationsand shift the selector and actuation keys from cooperation with hestorage relays of one group to those of the Since the chosen one of keysis remains depressed until the sending of one quota- "last indicators,depending upon which key It is pressed. Stordae relay circuits Thecircuits of the digit storing relays are largely indicated on Fig. 5. Atthe top of Fig. 5 the two alternately used groups of the relays for theunits selector are shown. It will be understood that similar groups willbe provided respectively for the tens and hundreds digits of the stockor item designating numbers. These additional relay groups are attachedrespectively to the wires bearing the indicia tens and hundreds on Fig.6. For simplicity such additional groups of relays are not shown as theyare constructed and arranged in the same manner as those shown at thetop of Fig. 5.

Likewise, at thelower part of Fig. 5, the two alternately used groups ofstorage relays for the hundreds actuation keys are illustrated,additional groups (not shown) being provided and connected to operateover the wires designated as tens, units and fractions on Fig. 7.

The miniature numbers used designating the keys, relays and impulsecounter contacts are considerably smaller than the numerals used indesignating other parts of the apparatus and should'not be confusedtherewith.

Referring to Fig. 5, we will first assume that all relays aredeenergized and that one of the selector wires, for example, the wirecorresponding to the digit 9, of the group It has been grounded by theoperation of the translator. The circuit is established from ground atthe translator, through one of the normal contacts ")5 of a transferrelay I06. the coil of a digit storing relay I01 (relay for digit 9) tobattery and ground at I08. Digit storing relay I01 therefore operatesand closes contacts at I08 and H0. Contact H0 prepares a circuit to thetransmitter but this cir- 15 6 2,1se,ovo

cult is however open at a contact II I of a transfer relay II2. ContactI03 in closing establishes a holding circuit for relay I0'I which is asfollows: battery and ground at I08, coil of relay I01, contact I03, anormal contact II3 of the transfer relay II 2, an error release bus IIO,thence to a normal contact II! of an error release magnet H6, Fig. 7.This circuit holds up digit storing relay I0'I but conditions itscircuit so that it may be released whenever error release ma net H8 isenergized.

In a similar manner any digit storing relay may be locked up over theerror release bus IIO by pressing the keys of the translator. It may benoted that digit storing relays in Group II as at III are disconnectedat normal contacts H8 of a transfer relay H0. Therefore, pressing of thetranslator keys has no effect at this time on any of the relays inGroup'II. The error release bus H0 as well as a transmission release busI20 and a transfer bus I2I are common to all digit storing relays, bothfor selection and actuation.

If, now, the transfer bus I 2I is grounded, all the transfer relays suchas I08, H2, H9, I22, I23 and I20 are energized, since all have oneterminal connected to the battery and ground I08 and their otherterminal connected to the bus I2I. This ground may be placed on thetransfer bus at the proper time by the transmitter per se, as explainedhereinafter. The transfer relays therefore open all normal contacts asat I00 of relay I06 and I22 of Groups Nos. I, and close make contacts asat I I3 of relays I I9 and I23 of Groups No. II. Also the contact I03 ofrelay I01 which is closed, is transferred from the ground on error busIIO to another ground on the transmission release bus i20, by theclosing of a contact I25 and subsequent opening of the contact II3 ofrelay H2. The holding circuit of relay I0! is now completed over thetransmission release bus I20, (see Fig. 7)., and a contact I20 of atransmission release relay I2'I to ground. This relay is energized bythe transmitter when all impulses for one quotation have beentransmitted, as explained hereinafter. The relay I I2 in closing alsocloses the contact III, Fig. 5, thereby placing a ground on the 9thcontact of-a unit selector impulse counter, through the contact N0 ofthe relay I07, and through a sender bus as at I28 to the 9th contact ofthe units selector impulse counter as shown on Fig. 6.

The reverse of the above described circuit changes occurs by theoperation of transfer relays II9, I23 and I20. That is, the ground atcontact I25 of relay I20 is removed from sender busses I28 by theopening of the contact I29; also the holding circuit of all of the GroupII relays is transferred from the transmission release bus to the errorrelease bus by operation of the contacts I33 and I3I of the relay I20;This places the Group 11 digit storing relays in condition to recordsuch digits as are next chosen by the translator.

The operation of the digit storage relays of the actuation groups may bethe same as of those above described. However, as above explained, it isdesirable to provide ten actuation keys IOI in each group, whichselectively apply ground from I02 and wire I03 to one of the ten wiresI00, and accordingly ten storage relays are provided in each actuationgroup, and furthermore, as shown in the lower portion of Fig. 5, relaysI32 and I33 have been added which are in series with the holdingcircuits of the groups of digit storing relays. The relays I32 and I33correspond to the blank spaces on the indicator units selected at thereceiving stations. Parts of the actuation storage relay circuits whichare similar to corresponding parts of the selector storage relaycircuits are identified on the drawings by the same numerals accompaniedby prime marks.

If no keys are pressed, relays I32 and I33 do not operate and the blankwire of the actuation bus group I23 remains grounded through one or theother of contacts I32 and I33. As-

suming, however, that a contact of Group I has been pressed, then thecircuit of relay I32 will be closed either by way of error release bus0' or transmission release bus I 20', through either contact I I3 orI25, thence through the coil of relay I32 to one of the contacts as atI00 of the particular storage relay which has been actuated, thencethrough such relay to battery and ground at I08. Therefore, when certainof the actuating keys of Groups Nos. I are pressed, the relays such asat I32 (of the hundreds, tens, units and fractions groups) cause theground connections to be removed from the blank" actuation busses, butwhen no actuation keys are pressed, the relays I32 being inactive permitthe contacts I32 to remain closed. The contacts I32 complete theircircuits through other contacts as at I32 which are under the control oftransfer relays H2. When the actuation keys of Groups Nos. I are beingset, the transfer relays 2' are inactive and hence contacts I32" remainopen until a transfer to Groups Nos. II is made, whereupon energizationof relays II2 closes contacts I32" for effecting completion of thegrounding circuits through contacts I32 whenever no keys have been,pressed in the corresponding groups. Then, as will be hereinafterexplained, the corresponding contact marked on the actuation impulsecounters being grounded, will cause the impulse counter to sendnoimpulses, thus leaving the corresponding selected indicators at thereceiving stations in positions to indicate blanks. Actuation storagerelay Groups Nos. II are arranged in a similar manner, that is, whentransfer is made from Group I to Group II, relay I20 will be energized,thus opening a ground circuit through a contact I33. Then if keys arenot pressed in Groups Nos. II, the relays I33 will remain idlepermitting the group circuit to be conditioned through closed contactsI33. Thereafter upon transfer back to Group I, relay I20 will bedeenergized, thus closing the ground circuit through the contact I33-',contact I33, blank actuation bus, to the contact on the correspondingactuation impulse counter, such ground being maintained during theexisting actuation cycle and until the next transfer, but notinterfering with the resetting of Groups Nos. I.

As to constructional features and details of the digit storing relaygroups which are not herein described at length, reference may be had tovarious prior art patents and publications, which describe somewhatsimilar arrangements, but modified and adapted to a distinctly differentpurpose, namely, automatic telephone switching, as explained for exampleby H. H. Harrison in his book on Automatic Telephony, Longmans Green 8:Co., London, 1924, pages -134.

It will. now be apparent that by the use oi the storage relays abovedescribed, the actual transmission of current variations may be providedfor to take place simultaneously with the resetting of the keys for asubsequent quotation.

The function of the storage relays it will be observed is to apply aground connection to proper contacts on the selector and actuationimpulse counters. That is, referring to Figs. 6 and 7, it will benotedthat an actuation impulse counter is provided respectively for eachof the groups of transmitter busses I 28 and I818, such impulse countershaving arcuately arranged groups of contacts corresponding respectivelyto the units, tens, hundreds and thousands selector digits and thefractions, units, tens and hundreds of the actuation digits. Suchimpulse counters will be hereinafter described in detail.

Assuming now that the operator has pressed the desired selector andactuation keys, he is now ready to start the actual transmission of thecurrent variations which will correspond in number to the designatingnumbers of the storage relays of the various Groups Nos. I which havebeen energized, through the busses I3, I4 and I5 of the translatorcircuit, and the price keys.

"Starting keys and choice "open, "high, "1010 and "last indicatorsReferring now to Fig. 8, the next operation is the depression of anydesired one of the six keys 84 (which have been designated as group Itin Fig. 9 in order to distinguish from the numbered digit keys). Forexample, if the "open key is pressed, this completes a circuit from aground at I35 through contacts of a switch I34 through a correspondingone of the connection wires I35 to one of the corresponding Potentialselector relays as at I31, the winding of a starting relay I38 tobattery and ground I39. The relay I38 thereupon picks up" and completesthrough a contact I40, a circuit from the transmission release bus I20,through a key release magnet I to battery and ground at I42. The holdingmagnet I H (see Fig. 11) operates to displace a template as at I43against the tension of a spring I44. The template I48 is shaped so as toengage with the various keys of group It as follows: When for example, akey as at I45, Fig. 11, is depressed andthe magnet I is thereuponenergized as above explained, the template will engage the stem of suchkey in a manner apparent from the drawings and prevent the same frombeing raised until the magnet is deenergized. At the same time keyswhich are in raised position, as for example key I48, will also havetheir stems engaged by the template I43 in the manner shown, wherebysuch keys are held against being depressed until the magnet MI isdeenergized.

Referring now again to Fig. 8, concurrently with the actuation of therelay I38, the particular relay I31 which has been energized will causea group of four contacts as at I41, I48, I49 and I50 to be closed. Therelays I31 are each arranged with these groups of four contacts so as toapply a ground connection to one or the other of the other of the twowires of each 'of four pairs of connection wires II. These pairs ofwires are in turn connected respectively to pairs of line polarityrelays as at I52 (see Fig. 7), so that when certain of the groups oicontacts I41, I 48, I49 and I50 are closed, the corresponding relays I52operate to connect the four main linewires, LI, L2, L3, L4, each toeither a source of negative potential I51 or a source of positivepotential I50. This operation it will be understood serves to apply thesustained potentials to the lines, of such polarities as to determinewhether open", high", "low or last indicators will be operated bysubsequent current variations, and also with certain combinations ofpotentials topermit the operation of high or low" indicators with the"last indicators at the receiving stations. 0n Fig. 7, a tabulation isgiven of suitable line potentials which may be applied to permit thedesired control of the receiving indicators arranged as described in myaforesaid application Ser. No. 244,873. For example, if the last key ispressed, potentials will be normally applied to the line wires LI, L2,L8 and L4, respectively, as follows: plus, minus, plus, minus. Withthese potentials, any actuation impulses transmitted over the lines willserve to operate the "last receiving station indicators.

Now, if it is desired to operate the transmitter in conjunction withreceiving circuits such, for

example as shown in Fig. 12 of my Patent 1,890,876, issued on my,application Ser. No. 244,873, the line polarities may be firstestablished for "restoration" purposes as indicated in the tabuation ofFig. 7 of this application. After the necessary number ofrestorationimpulses are transmitted in a manner hereinafter explained, the polarityof line L3 may be quickly reversed, whereupon the line potentials willbe such as to permit "actuation" of the chosen indicators at thereceiving stations. This shifting of the polarity of line L8 isaccomplished by the operation of a relay I53 acting in conjunction withrelay switch members I54, I55 and I56, the operation of which will behereinafter explained in detail. The association of the line wires withthe line polarity changing switches and the sources of potentials I51and I58 is fully explained in my aforesaid Patent 1,890,876.

Selector impulse transmitting circuits At the same time that the linepotentials are being established as above explained, the starting relayI38 (see Fig. 8) also closes a contact I59 which, it will be observed,connects a ground with a "starting wire I60, (see Figs. 6 and 7) which,when energized, initiates the transmitting action through the medium ofrelays IGI and I62. The relay IBI may be of a slow acting type with acopper slug on its armature end causing the relay to be slow to pick up.The relay I62 may be of the ordinary quick acting type. Uponenergization of the starting wire I60, the relay I8I "picks up after ashort delay, but only after the quick acting relay I52 has picked upthrough a normally closed contact I63, 'such circuit running from groundthrough contact I59, starting wire I80, contact I83, coil of relay I62,a contact I84, to battery and ground at I65, the contact I54 being underthe control of a selector impulse counter stepping magnet I65. The relayI62 then is provided with a holding circuit by reason of the closing ofacontact I81 which connects the relay I82 directly to ground in lieu ofhaving its circuit run through contact I63 and the starting wire toground. Upon the actuation of relay I6I the starting wire circuit isbroken at the contact I03. This may occur at approximately 0.1 secondafter relay I02 has "picked up" and causes the circuit until thetransmission of current variations for one quotation is completed;thereafter the same circuit is opened at contact I59 until the startingkey is pressed for the following quotation. Thereby, repetition of theactuation of the selector circuits is prevented until a starting key isagain pressed. Before proceeding further with of the starting wire toremain open at this point the transmitting circuits, the impulse counterconstruction will be described:

Impulse counter construction.-The impulse counters or switches may takethe general form of the well known rotary line switches as used inautomatic telephony switching, one example of such a switch being shownin the above cited work by Harrison on page 41. Inasmuch as the detailsof construction of such switches are well known, only the featuresparticularly adapting such switches to this invention will be heredescribed.

As shown in Fig. 12, this switch may be of the rotary step-by-step typehaving five double rotary wipers arms as at I13 and one single rotarywiper arm as at I14. (See Fig. 6 for schematic illustration.) Thesewipers may all be mounted in alignment on, but insulated from, a singleshaft as at I15 (see Fig. 12), cooperating with a ratchet I16 and pawlI11 so as to be rotated step-by-step always in the same direction. Thepawl in turn may be driven by an armature as at I18 of the steppingmagnet I66. The pawl as advanced by the armature engages one of theteeth of the ratchet I16 and as the magnet I66 is deenergized, theratchet together with the wiper arms are rotated one step in thedirection of the arrow by the force of a spring I18 acting against thepawl member. Reverse movement of the ratchet and wipers may be preventedas by a spring dog I80.

The outer ends of four of the wipers I13 respectively are arranged tocome into contact successively with thirteen contact points as at I6I,arranged as shown in arcuate groups. Two of the wipers, namely one ofthe double wipers I13, and the single wiper I14 come into contact withcontinuous arcuate segments I82 and are used for the control of thetransmitters and the transfer bus as hereinafter explained. The mannerin which the switch I64 above mentioned is associated with the steppingmagnet I66 is indicated in Fig. 12, the switch I64 being arranged toopen its circuit whenever the magnet I66 is energized.

The operation of the selector impulse counter or switch will now beexplained in connection with the diagram on Fig. 6. It will be observedthat for clearness on Fig. 6 the step-by-step switch of Fig. 12 has beenshown schematically as divided into six groups of parts, one bank ofcontacts or else a segment being included in each part. The manner inwhich segments I82 cooperate with wipers I13 and I14 is shown. That is,wiper I14 is normally out of contact with its segment I82, but when thewiper I14 is advanced in the direction of the arrow through, say,approximately one-half step, then contact will be made with itscorresponding segment I82 (which is grounded), and such contact will bemaintained throughout the succeeding one-half revolution of the wiper,whereupon such contact will be broken during the next one-halfrevolution. The wiper I13 (having double arms) above referred to, whichcooperates with another of the segments I82, it will be observed,normally has both its arms out of contact with the segment I82. However,uponrotation of such double wiper through an angle equivalent tosubstantially one full step, contact will be made with the segment I82(which is also grounded) and such ground connection will be maintaineduntil the wiper rotates through one-half revolution to another normalposition. Upon rotation of the wipers through the succeeding one-halfrevolution, the above action will be repeated. The manner in.

which the other wipers I13 cooperate with the various contacts I8I isapparent from the above description taken in connection with thedrawings.

Reverting again to the operation of the selector transmitting circuits:relay I62 in "picking up" also closes a contact at I68, which conditionsan impulsing circuit from ground to the make contact I68, through thewinding of an impulsing relay I68, to a make contact I10 of a motordriven interrupter I12 and thence to battery and ground at I1I. Theinterrupter I12 may comprise a motor operated cam as shown for closingthe switch I10 during intervals of time substantially equal in length tothe desired length of the current variations or impulses which aretransmitted. After the preparation of the circuit through impulsingrelay I68 by the closing of contact I68, subsequent operations of theinterrupter I12 cause groups of impulses to be generated in the circuit.

When the first impulse from the interrupter I12 causes energization ofmagnet I69, this magnet closes contacts as at I84 and I85. Contact I84merely grounds a circuit without immediate effect, since it will benoted that its circuit remains open at contacts I86, I81, I88 and I88.Accordingly, if the first impulse generated by the interrupter I12should happen to be of abnormally short duration, such clipped impulsecannot be made effective to cause false operation of the transmitter.Meanwhile contact I85 closes the circuit through the stepping magnet I66, such circuit comprising battery and ground at I65, magnet I66,contact I85 to ground. This energizes the magnet I66 and causes thewipers I13 and I14 to be advanced the-initial step. Concurrently contactI64 is opened by the energization of magnet I66 and consequently, relayI62 is dropped out, releasing its holding circuit at the contact I 61and also releasing its contact I68. The releasing of contact I68 in turnremoves the ground return of the circuit of impulse relay I68. However,another ground return is applied to the winding of impulse magnet I68,placing the same now under control of the impulse counter, by the actionof a relay I80 connected in circuit with a relay I8I and battery andground at I82, and operating to close a contact I 83, which in turnconnects the coil of relay I68 to ground. Contact I68 is thenineffective until the next quotation is to be transmitted. The circuitof the coil of relay I98, it will be observed, has just been completedthrough that one of the wipers I13 which has advanced one step intocontact with its grounded segment I82. Meanwhile also the single wiperI14, as soon as it has advanced as much as onehalf step, causes thetransfer bus I2I to be grounded through its grounded segment I82,thereby causing the transfer bus to be energized to effect a transfer ofone group of storage relays from the operating key control to thetransmitting apparatus, while transferring the other group of storagerelays from the transmitter to the keyboard control in a manner as aboveexplained. It will be observed that inasmuch as the wiper I14continues'in contact with its segment I82 only during one-halfrevolution of the impulse counter, the transferring action will bereversed during the succeeding one-half revolution. That is, onecomplete cycle of operation of the impulse transmitting switches is.completed upon movement of the same through 180", but the wipers I13having double arms, upon completion of one cycle are again ready tooperate through another cycle utilizing the wiper arm which was inactiveduring the previous cycle.

Relay I9I upon being energized through its circuit above traced, closesthe contacts I80, I01, I80 and I80, which serve to complete impulsecircuits to line impulse relays I94, I00, I and I81, respectively, whichcircuits are each completed through contacts E98, I09, 200 and 20!,respectively, the latter contacts in turn being respectively under thecontrol of digit cut-oi!" relays 202, 203, 204 and 200. At the same timerelay iQI also prepares a holding circuit for the digit cut-off relaysby closing a contact 208. The circuits through the line relays run fromground through contact I84, respectively through the contacts lat, itl,I08 and I 80, thence respectively through contacts W0, I00, 200 and 2G!to the line relays, thence to battery and ground in each case as shown.The holding circuit for the digit cut-oil relays runs from groundthrough contact 206, thence through contacts as at 201, one oi thelatter being provided as shown for each of the digit cut-off relays, andthence through the respective digit cut-off relaysto battery and ground.'lhese circuit changes are made successively upon the occurrence of eachsucceeding impulse as generated at the interrupter, I12, and the wipersill and us continue to advance step-bystep. When one of the wipers illreaches a. contact lot which has been grounded by the operation of thekeyboard as above explained, then the corresponding digit cut-oi! relayis actuated and its corresponding holding circuit is established, thuspreventing the sendingof further impulses over the corresponding linewire by reason of the opening of contacts I80, I99, 200 and 20!.

For example, supposing contact 9 of the hundreds bank has been grounded.Then immediately upon the arrival of the brush I13 upon contact 9, relay2% picks up, opening the contact Q00 which prevents further impulsesfrom going to the line relay Isfi. Also relay 204 at the some timecloses its contact 201, which establishes its holding circuit fromground through contacts 206 and 20?, relay 204, to battery and ground208.

Each of the relays 202, 203 and 205 operate in a similar manner when theother wipers I13 arrive at grounded contacts of the thousands,

tens and units impulse counter groups. The particular contact flBi ofthe thousands counter which represents zero, it will be noted, ispermanently grounded, so that a total of ten impulses will betransmitted.

The relays use, 202, 203, 200 and 205 are of a slow acting type withcopper slugs on the heel ends oi the cores, whereby these relays aremade slow to release. The relay i9i may be delayed in opening for 0.1second and the relays 202, 203, 204 and 2&5 are preferably delayedsomewhat longer. These delays permit other circuits hereinaiterdescribed to be established for transmitting indicator restoration andactuation impulses. As each of the digit cut-out relays 202, 203, 20 iand 205 picks up,'it closes a corresponding one of the series contacts209, 2l0, 2H and H2. When all of these series contacts are closed, thenthe transmission of selector current variations over the four line wiresis completed. Accordingly at that time the circuits are ready for thetransmission ofimpulses for restoring the selected indicators to zeroprior to reactuation. Thus when all of these four series switches areclosed, a ground connection is made for the circult of a relay2l3, whichcircuit is continued to ground through a. battery 2 I4. The l'elay 2|;

is or the type which is slow to "pick up! as symbolically indicated andserves to interpose a delay between the transmission of selectorimpulses and the succeeding transmission oi restoration impulses, suchdelay being desirable by reason of the selector circuit arrangements atthe receiving stations as described in my aioresaid Patent 1,800,876.

Transmission of indicator restoring impulses The relay ms after theshort delay, closes contact 2 i 0, which establishes a circuit throughrelay i6I' as follows: ground, contact 2 it, coil oi relay liiI tobattery and ground 2%. The relay IOI' corresponds in function to therelay l6i above described in connection with the selector transmissioncircuits. From this point the circuits for the transmission of indicatorrestoration impulses are analogous to the circuits above described fortransmission for the selecting impulses, and the relays, contacts andparts which perform similar functions are therefore indicated on Fig. 6,with the some reference numerals, such reference numerals beingaccompanied by prime marks in the case oi the restoration impulsetransmitting circuits. with receiving arrangements as described in myPatent l,ii9il,8i-o, provision is made for restoring the indicators tozero by applying to such indicators as have been selected a. sumcientnumberof impulses, namely ten, to advance the indicators to either ablank or zero setting regardless of what their previous setting may be.Therefore, it is not necessary in the restoration impulse transmittingcircuits to cut oil the number of impulses except after ten have beentransmitted. Furthermore, the ten restoration impulses may betransmitted simultaneously over the four line wires so that but a singlerestoration impulse counter is required, common to all four lines,having ten steps or contact positions as indicated at lei". liheconstruction of such impulse counter may be the same as that shown inFig. l2, except that only one bank of contact points iBI' need beprovided to operate in conjunction with a double wiper 813'.Furthermore, the transfer bus controlling wiper ll i of course need notbe here provided, although for control purposes a wiper W0 is used inconjunction with an arcuate segment i832.

Since the ten restoration impulses are transmitted simultaneously overall four line wires, the four separate relays 202, 203, 204 and 205 maybe replaced by a single relay 202", having a single set of contactsi190, 201' and 289, the functions of which are obvious iromrei'erence tothe description of contacts 898, 207 and 209. The contacts i053, W1, W8and 989' operating in conjunction with the relay lill' serve to bringthe impulses from-contact E84 directly to the connections for the fourline relays ltd, ltd, W0 and i191 respectively.

it will be observed that an interrupter 912' (see Fig. 7) independent ofthe interrupter 512 may be provided so that if desired the duration andspaclngoi the rector tion interruptions may be made different from thatof the selector interruptions. This is desirable for the reason that insome instances it may be found advisable to operate the receivingstation selecting devices at a step-by-step rate difierent from that ofthe indicating devices. However, inasmuch as the restoration andactuation impulses both act upon the receiving station indicators, thesame interrupter I12 may be conveniently used for the transmission ofrestoration impulses, as well as the transmission of actuation impulsesin a manner hereinafter described.

The function of the contact 209' is to cause a connection wire 2I8 to begrounded upon completion of the transmission of restoration impulses. Atthis time the circuits are ready for the transmission of the actuationimpulses for moving the receiving station indicators to the desired newpositions to exhibit a new quotation. The wire 2I6 has the same functionin respect to the actuation impulse transmission as the starting wire I"has in connection with the selector impulse transmission. When the wire2iv is grounded at contact 208' the relays and contacts of therestoration impulse transmitting circuits are brought to normalpositions in readiness for the succeeding quotation transmission.

Transmission of indicator actuation impulses In a manner similar to theoperation of the selector and restoration impulse transmitting cir-'cuits, the indicator actuating'lmpulse transmitting circuits shown onFig. 7 are placed in operation by the energization of a relay 'IBi".From this point on the actuation impulse transmitting circuits continuethrough a cycle of operations in the same manner as the above describ doperation of the selector impulse transmitting circuits, and on Fig. 7the actuation impulse transmitting relays and contacts bear referencenumerals with double prime marks, the same numerals being used as oncorresponding parts of the selector transmitter.

An actuation impulse counter is provided similar in practically all itsdetails to the selector impulse counter except that of course thetransfer bus control wiper I14 and its segment I82 are omitted. Alsonone of the zero contacts here is permanently grounded since zeroactuation keys are provided instead. -After the last actuation impulsehas been transmitted, the series contacts 209", 2H1", 2I I" and 2l2" areall closed whereby a circuit is completed through a contact 2Il to thetransmission release magnet I21 above referred to. This causes relay I21to pick up for a short time, thus opening the ground connection at I26to the transmission release bus I20. After a short delay, a relay 2|!opens the contact 2 l7, whereby relay I2! is again deenergized.Referring to Fig. 5, it will be noted that the momentary removal of theground at contact I26 from the transmission release bus I20 will causethe storage relays, then associated therewith, to be released inpreparation for a new setting.

On the other hand, if the operator had made a mistake in pressingcertain of the keys prior to the transfer action, then pressing of theerror key would have actuated error release magnet H8, which would havemomentarily removed the ground at contact H5, of error release bus "4.This would have released the storage relays associated therewith priorto transmission of impulses corresponding thereto.

The momentary removal of the ground at contact I26 from the transmissionrelease bus I20, it will be noted, also causes deenergization of the keyrelease magnet I4I, which in turn permits the key I34 which has beenpressed, to rise back to normal position with a consequentdeenergization of the starting relay I38, which in turn opens contactI40, causing the key release magnet circuit to remain open until anotherquotation is to be transmitted.

Referring again to Fig. 7, it will be observed that at the relay II2" Ihave provided an additional make contact 2", which becomes closed uponactuation of relay I42". That is, upon initiation of the transmission ofactuation impulses, a circuit is then established from ground, throughcontact 2", through the coil of polarity reversing relay III, to batteryand ground. Thereupon the relay Ill picks up" and actuates its contactsI and i", and also upon its contact I". It will be observed thatcontacts I54 and I5! comprise in effect a double pole, double throwswitch which is associated with two of the polarity connections III in amanner whereby the polarity applied to line L2 is reversed uponactuation of relay Ill. 'lherei'ore, when the circuits above describedare prepared for the initial transmission of actuation impulses afterthe completion of the transmission of restoration impulses, the polarityof line L3 is reversed so as to shift the receiving station apparatusfrom restoration conditions to actuation conditions. Inasmuch as relayI82" remains energized only for a short period, the contact I on relay I53 is provided for establishing a holding circuit for relay I 53 by wayof the transmission release bus I20, the latter being grounded atcontact I28. Relay Ill therefore remains actuated throughout the periodof transmission of actuation impulses, but upon removal of the groundfrom the transmission release bus, relay I53 drops to normal thuspreparing the circuits to apply the proper line potentials for the nextselecting step.

Receiver As hereinbefore stated, the transmitter and code translator maybe employed with any suitable'type of receiver, for example, asdisclosed in my aforesaid application Ser. No. 244,873, on which, amongothers, U. 8. Patents Nos. 1,890,876 and 1,890,877 have issued, and towhich reference may be had for a more detailed disclosure of such areceiver. Figs. 14 to 16 diagrammatically illustrate the receiver.

The various potentials imposed on lines LI, L2, L2, L4 by thetransmitter hereinbefore described energize selecting magnets 23., 23l,232 and 222 (Fig. 15). Line LI is extended through the coils of magnets23! and 2H and line L2 is extended through the coils of magnets 2II and222. The operation of these two magnets is to effect selection ofindicators within a group of indicators by connecting the various buslines last", low",

high" and open", with main actuating lines' BI, B2, B3, B4. Line L3 isextended through the coil of magnet 232 which controls the selection andrestoration and actuation husses for the indicators. Line L4 is extendedthrough the coil of the magnet 233 and the coil of the magnet 220. Themagnet 222 connects the various selecting switches and magnets to thegrounded battery.

If, for example, the transmitter causes positive potentials to be set upin lines LI and L4 and negative potentials in L2 and L3, line L4energizes the magnet 23! which through its switch 224 connects theswitch system to the battery. The potentials on lines L2 and LI being oflike sign, the magnet 232 will be energized and its switch member 228will be drawn into position to complete a circuit from the batterythrough the restoration magnet 238 connecting all the restoration buslines to the main bus lines for the last", low, high" and openindicators. The positive potential on line LI and the negative potentialon line L2 will have no eflect on the magnet 22! and, accordingly, itsspring switch 228 will remain in the position shown. The positivepotential on line L! and the positive potential on line L4 will causeenergization of the magnet 230 and closing of the open switch 239 andopening of the closed switch 240. This completes the circuit from thebattery through switches 234, 238, 239 to "low" magnet 24!, whichconnects the main low bus wires to the main actuating wires Bi, B2, B3and B4. The potentials imposed on these lines have therefore connectedthe restoration bus lines for the low" indicators to the .main actuatinglines Bi, B2, B3, B4. The "last,

high and open" magnets 2E2, 243 and 245 are controlledrespectlvelyloypotentials as shown in Fig. 7.

Selection of groups of indicators Referring to Fig. 14, the potentiai'online L! will have energized magnet 2" which attracts its spring switch2% to complete a circuit from a' battery through the coil of aslow-to-release magnet 2&1, and the spring switch 2&8 to ground. Thepolarity imposed on line L2 will'have energized magnet 2% in thehundreds selector which completes through its spring switch 249 acircuit from a battery through the coil or a slow-torelease magnet 256to the ground. iSimiiar magnets in the tens selector and units selectorwill have been energized, but the description oi the selecting mechanismwill be limited to the 00- operating thousands and hundreds selectors,which are the some respectively as the tens and units selectors.

When the selection impuise counters of Fig. 6 operate, the potentialsover lines Ll, L2, L3, L4 are interrupted by the relays I96, I95, H88and I91. Considering, first, the interruptions of potential in line Lithe effect of an interruption is to deenergize the magnet 245 of Fig. 14so as to complete a circuit from ground spring switch 246, spring switch25!, spring switch 262 of magnet 241, through the coil of theslow-to-release magnet 253, and the coil of the vertical stepping magnet256, to a battery and ground. As set forth in detail in my aforesaidpatents, selector switches oi the well'lrnown Strowger" type areemployed, in which a selector shaft in the thousands selector is raisedone step for each energization of a vertical magnet, such as the magnet254. As the shaft is raised it permits the switches 260 and 28! to closeand remain closed as long as the shaft is in elevated position.

An interruption of the potential on line L2 deenergizes the magnet 268in the hundreds seiector and establishes a circuit from ground throughspring switch 289, spring switch 282, spring switch 268 ofslow-to-release magnet 25B, coil 01' the slow-to-release magnet 26% andcoil of the stepping magnet 265 to the battery and ground. Theenergization of the stepping magnet 265 operates a hundreds selectorshaft 268, Fig. 16. This shaft carries a grounded switch arm 2659 whichis moved over a series of contacts 210 as the shaft is rotated. Theshaft also carries off neutral switches 21! and 2712 (Fig. 14) which areconstructed to close and remain closed as long as the shaft 268 is outof home position. After the interruptions over lines L! and L2 haveceased, that is when the vertical adjustment of the selector shaft ofthe thousands selector and the angular adjustment of shaft 268 of thehundreds selector have been completed, the cessation of interruptions ofpotentials on line L! will cause the magnet 245 to remain energized,which will maintain the magnet 24'! energized and prevent furtherenergization o! magnets 253 and 254 and cause the slow-to-release magnet258 to deenergize. Energization oi the magnet 24! has drawn its switchmember 213 to complete the circuit from the grounded battery, switchmember 212, coil and shunt of magnet 214, switch member 2", switchmember 2', switch 28! through the coil of a magnet 21'! to ground, thuspreparing a circuit through the swimh member 218 oi the magnet Z'i'l.

The cessation of impulses on line L2 maintains the magnet 248 energized,which maintains the circuit over the magnet 250 and breaks the circuit"through the magnet 264, which closes a circuit at the point 219. As themagnet 283 in the thousands seiector deenergizes, it closes a circuitfrom the battery over the switch 213, switch rec, switch 218, throughthe coil of the horizontal stepping; magnet 28!, through the switch 21!in the hundreds selector, switch 219. and switch 282 ct magnet 253 tothe ground. This energizes the horizonal magnet 28! which rotates thethousands selector shaft one step, and opens the switch 216 which breaksthe circuit through the magnet 21? thus breaking the circuit through themagnet 28i When the circuit through the magnet 28! is broken theswitch2118 again completes the cir-= cult through the magnet 21! which in turncompietes the circuit through magnet 28!.

When the selector shaft of the thousands selector is elevated byinterruptions over line L! as previously described, the contacts 286 and28'! are raised into alignment with a horizontal row oi contacts 288and289. As the magnet 28E is energized and deenergized to rotate theshaft these contacts are moved along the selected row of contacts 288and 289 and the energization and deenergization of the magnet 28! iscontinued until the contact 286 finds a live contact 288 which isgrounded through one of the contacts 210 (Fig. 16) and the arm 269. whenthis occurs the circuit over the magnet 211' will be shunted and themagnet 214 will be energized to attract its switch 2'55 and preventfurther energization of the magnet 2W. This in turn prevents completionof the circuit through the magnet 28! over the switch member 218.Energizatlon of the magnet 275 also moves the switch member 25! toconnect the line B! through switch members 25! and 248 to ground.Energization of magnet 214 also attracts its switch member 29! whichextends a circuit from battery over switch mem-' her 21", contacts 28'!and 289, selector line 292 to a panel board (Fig. 15).

One of the tens selector lines 293 has been connectedby mechanismsimilar to that in the thousands seiector through a switch 29% toground. The selector line 292 at the point of intersection with the line2%, is connected by one side of a double plug to a line 295 extendingthrough the coil of a group selector magnet 295 and then over line 29Fto the other side oi the plug to .the line 293 and to ground. Thisenergizes the magnet 295 and selects a group of indicators correspondingto the adjustment of the selectors in Fig. 14 under the control of theselection impulses received from the transmitter. Each of the indicatorelements or the indicator units of the groups of indicators isdiagrammatically indicated at 289.

When the circuit was made at 219 in the hundreds selector, the magnet298 in the selector was energized by a circuit from ground, battery,coil of the magnet 288 over switch 2li, switch 219, ll

